Monday, June 18, 2018

20-year study to help S'poreans prevent chronic diseases

NTU embarks on 20-year study to help Singaporeans prevent chronic diseases

Nanyang Technological University has embarked on a health study that is being conducted in the Population and Community Health Laboratories at the school's Clinical Sciences Building in Novena, which was unveiled on June 18, 2018.

Nanyang Technological University (NTU) has embarked on a 20-year study to better predict and prevent chronic diseases among Singaporeans, one that aims to become a landmark in studying the health of Asians.

The longitudinal health study will be the first comprehensive, large-scale one for people of Asian heritage, said its lead investigator John Chambers, who added the study may involve as many as 100,000 to 200,000 Singaporeans eventually.

"Landmark studies done in the US, UK and Germany do not represent 60 per cent of the world population which are not of European heritage. The genetics and medical predispositions are different," said Professor Chambers, who specialises in cardiovascular epidemiology at NTU's Lee Kong Chian School Of Medicine.

The study is being conducted in the Population and Community Health Laboratories at the school's Clinical Sciences Building in Novena, which was unveiled on Monday (June 18). The building houses other laboratories focused on research on chronic conditions that commonly afflict Singaporeans such as obesity and diabetes.

Dr Amy Khor, Senior Minister of State for Health, said the launch of the laboratories is timely as "Singapore earnestly prepares for its rapidly ageing population in the next one to two decades".

The new facilities will contribute substantially in the area of population health management and help transform the country's model of care, she added.

Singaporeans and permanent residents aged 30 to 84 are eligible to join the Health for Life in Singapore (Helios) study, which hopes to recruit 10,000 participants by end-2019.

Participants will go through a comprehensive health screening.

For instance, they will have the structure and function of their organs measured. A full brain and body MRI scan as well as retina and bone density scans will also be done.

Participants will be asked about their lifestyle and dietary habits and their samples of blood, stool, and urine will be stored in a biobank for future molecular analysis. Participants will receive a report and be informed of any disease found.

The study hopes to work with the Ministry of Health to virtually track the health of its participants, so they do not have to make a return visit.

~News courtesy of Straits Times~

Tuesday, June 5, 2018

与美国大学研发 皮肤涂纳米颗粒预知过度结疤风险

南大与美国西北大学研发 皮肤涂纳米颗粒预知过度结疤风险



南大科研团队杨承龙(右起)、徐臣杰和克里斯汀连同美国西北大学科研人员,研发利用纳米金颗粒,准确预测人们出现过度结疤情况的概率。(林国明摄)

只要把含有纳米金颗粒的润肤剂或药膏涂抹在皮肤表层,等上约一两天让颗粒渗透肌肤,就可根据底下真皮发出荧光的亮度,判断真皮层有多少结疤元素。病患真皮层所发出的荧光越强,越可能有异常的结疤。

孕妇剖腹生产后,或一般人动手术、打耳洞或被烧伤后,都面对伤口可能出现大面积异常伤疤的问题。本地与美国科研人员联合研发新方式,可快速准确地做出预测,助医生立即采取行动,预防过度结疤。

新加坡南洋理工大学和美国西北大学科研人员历时两年,通过动物和人体肌肤细胞实验等,确定能用西北大学拥有专利的纳米金颗粒,进行这项非侵入式的预测。

只要把含有这些纳米金颗粒的润肤剂或药膏涂抹在皮肤表层,等上约一两天让颗粒渗透肌肤,就可根据底下真皮(dermis)发出荧光的亮度,判断真皮层有多少结疤元素。

南大化学与生物医学工程学院生物工程系助理教授徐臣杰博士说,病患真皮层所发出的荧光越强,意味着越可能有异常的结疤。

纳米金颗粒在实验中发出的紫色光线,透过真皮层是肉眼看不到的,得用可过滤光线的手持探测器才可测出,因此涂抹纳米颗粒的病患不会有“身上发出紫光”的异样外形。

南大生物工程系研究员杨承龙博士说,病患也可自行涂抹纳米颗粒,日后说不定也可自己检查过度结疤风险,这可节省医药费并减轻医药体系的负担。

科研团队估计,每次须涂抹的纳米颗粒量,费用可能少于10元。

目前检验需一周

目前除了用肉眼检查伤口和结疤情况,医生也可通过活组织抽样检验(biopsy),分析伤口细胞组织,但要得到检验结果或需长达一周的时间,每次费用可能多达数千元,也会面临结疤情况恶化的风险。

对于纳米金属会否对人体有害,徐臣杰说,根据其他正在进行的临床试验,纳米金至今不会引发任何副作用。杨承龙指出,南大团队进行动物试验时,也没有出现副作用。

我国每年预计约有40万人因动手术、注射卡介苗(BCG)或打耳洞等缘故而结疤。过多的伤疤,包括瘢痕瘤(keloid)等会严重影响患者的生活素质,因为伤疤可能影响日常动作和活动,伸展四肢时也可能感到极度疼痛。瘢痕瘤指的是在结疤处生出硬而隆起的瘢痕。

这份研究报告上月刊登于《自然生物医学工程》学术期刊,南大团队已申请专利。徐臣杰预计最快明年中起展开首阶段的临床试验,若要制成产品推出市场可能还需数年时间。

~联合早报~